Who is affected by depression?

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Anyone, including toddlers and adults, may suffer from depression. Women and persons born female are more prone to suffer from depression than males and those born male.


Certain risk factors increase your chances of developing depression. The following conditions, for example, are linked to greater incidence of depression:

Alzheimer's and Parkinson's illnesses are examples of neurodegenerative disorders.
Stroke.
Multiple sclerosis (MS).
Disorders of seizure.
Cancer.
Macular degeneration is a kind of vision loss.


How widespread is depression?


Depression is rather prevalent. Every year, about 7% of individuals in the United States suffer from depression, according to researchers. More than 16% of adults in the United States — almost one in every six individuals — will suffer from depression at some point in their lives.

Researchers think that these estimations are lower than reality because many individuals do not seek medical care for depressive symptoms and do not acquire a diagnosis.

Depression affects around 4.4% of youngsters in the United States.

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Causes and Symptoms


Feeling particularly sad or hopeless, poor energy, lack of interest in activities, eating and sleeping problems, and other symptoms of depression are listed below.
Clinical depression is a persistent illness, however it generally manifests itself in periods lasting many weeks or months.
What are the signs and symptoms of depression?
Depression symptoms vary somewhat depending on the kind and may range from minor to severe. Symptoms in general include:

Feeling depressed, despondent, or concerned. Children and adolescents suffering from depression may seem irritated rather than sad.
Things that used to offer me delight are no longer bringing me joy.
The ability to get quickly angry or upset.

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Eating too much or too little, which may lead to weight gain or reduction.
Insomnia (difficulty sleeping) or excessive sleeping (hypersomnia).
Lack of energy or tiredness.
You're having trouble focusing, making judgments, or remembering things.
Having bodily problems such as a headache, stomachache, or sexual dysfunction.
Considering self-harm or suicide.
If you or a loved one is contemplating suicide, call 988 to contact the Suicide and Crisis Lifeline. Someone will be accessible to assist you around the clock.

What factors contribute to depression?


The specific etiology of depression is unknown to researchers. They believe that various variables contribute to its growth, including:

Brain chemistry: Depression is caused by an imbalance of neurotransmitters such as serotonin and dopamine.
Genetics: If you have a first-degree family (biological parent or sibling) who suffers from depression, you are around three times more likely to get the disorder than the general population. You may, however, suffer depression without having a family history of it.
Difficult life events, such as the loss of a loved one, trauma, divorce, solitude, and a lack of support, may all lead to depression.
Chronic pain and chronic illnesses such as diabetes may contribute to depression.
Medication: As a side effect, several drugs might induce depression. Substance abuse, especially alcohol, may also cause or worsen depression.
Tests and Diagnosis


How is depression identified?


Depression is diagnosed by healthcare practitioners based on a complete assessment of your symptoms, medical history, and mental health history. Based on the context of your symptoms, they may diagnose you with a particular form of depression, such as seasonal affective disorder or postpartum depression.

You must experience five depressive symptoms every day, almost all day, for at least two weeks to be diagnosed with depression.

Your physician may request medical testing, such as blood tests, to determine if there are any underlying medical disorders causing your depression symptoms.

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